Characterization of <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Sensitivity to Carbendazim for Isolates Causing Strawberry Anthracnose in China

Strawberry anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is an important disease that may cause significant economic losses. Based on multilocus sequence analyses and morphological characteristics, 64 isolates from strawberry samples collected nine Chinese provinces municipalities were identified as three species: fructicola (29 isolates), siamense (23 nymphaeae (12 isolates). Isolates of C. showed strong aggressiveness to fruit leaves. crowns. weakly or not pathogenic fruit, leaves, Sensitivity carbendazim was determined for a total 75 isolates, including 11 previously preserved. Two highly resistant (HR) 21 moderately (MR). Nine sensitive (S), 24 HR, four MR. All 15 insensitive, their mycelial growth completely inhibited potato dextrose agar amended with 500 μg/ml carbendazim. Beta-tubulin (TUB2) representative amplified sequenced, revealing glutamic acid substituted alanine at codon 198 in HR fructicola. MR had point mutation 200, causing replacement phenylalanine tyrosine. No detected codons 50, 167, 198, 240 TUB2 insensitive isolates. Overall, this study revealed the dominant could improve understanding management fungicide resistance China.